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Algorithms

• AlgorithmML-KEM

  CRYSTALS-Kyber / KEM

  Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism standardized in FIPS 203 (August 2024). Based on the CRYSTALS-Kyber submission. Provides quantum-resistant key exchange as a drop-in replacement for RSA and ECDH key encapsulation. Available in security levels 512, 768, and 1024 (roughly equivalent to AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256).

• AlgorithmML-DSA

  CRYSTALS-Dilithium / SIGNATURE

  Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Algorithm standardized in FIPS 204 (August 2024). Based on the CRYSTALS-Dilithium submission. Provides quantum-resistant digital signatures as a replacement for RSA and ECDSA. Offers parameter sets at security levels 2, 3, and 5 corresponding to AES-128, AES-192, and AES-256 equivalent strength.

• AlgorithmSLH-DSA

  SPHINCS+ / SIGNATURE

  Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Algorithm standardized in FIPS 205 (August 2024). Based on the SPHINCS+ submission. Security relies solely on hash function properties, providing a conservative alternative to lattice-based schemes. Produces larger signatures but offers a security proof independent of structured mathematical hardness assumptions.

• AlgorithmFALCON (FN-DSA)

  NTRU Lattice / SIGNATURE

  Fast-Fourier Lattice-based Compact Signatures over NTRU, standardized as FN-DSA in FIPS 206 (October 2024). Produces significantly smaller signatures and public keys than ML-DSA, making it attractive for bandwidth-constrained environments such as TLS handshakes and embedded systems. Based on NTRU lattices with a discrete Gaussian sampler. Requires careful, constant-time implementation to avoid side-channel vulnerabilities.